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CdCt with Convection of Nitrogen/Helium and HTS
- Current: 10-70 kA
- Coolant: Conduction (Dry terminal) + Convection (LN2 and GHe cooling with HTS)
This advanced system integrates High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) material with a multi-stage cooling strategy, engineered to leverage both liquid nitrogen (LN2) and gaseous helium (GHe) for maximum thermal efficiency. These current leads are custom-designed for demanding applications with operating currents ranging from 10 kA to 70 kA.
Performance Advantage:
A significant benefit of utilizing gaseous helium in addition to liquid nitrogen is that the temperature of the HTS section can often be lowered well below 77 K. This drastically increases the critical current (IC), providing superior performance margins and operational stability.
The current lead is structurally and thermally divided into distinct operational zones:
- Section 1, The Resistive Section: Actively cooled via convection using LN2. As the LN2 vaporizes, the resulting nitrogen gas flows through internal cooling channels toward the atmosphere, minimizing the heat load on the resistive copper components. The combined cooling from the cold terminal, the liquid nitrogen, and the available gaseous helium is perfectly balanced to ensure the leads operate under optimal conditions, completely independent of the electrical load.
- Section 2, The HTS Section: This section utilizes HTS material to transfer current from the resistive portion down to the cold terminal. With zero resistive electrical losses and poor thermal conductivity compared to copper, the HTS ensures the heat conducted to the cold end remains exceptionally low. The intersection point between the resistive and HTS sections is carefully maintained at a stable temperature strictly below the critical temperature (TC) of the specific HTS material.
- Conduction Cold Terminal (CdCt): Unlike traditional models that rely on liquid helium submersion, the cold end in this “dry” system is cooled strictly via thermal conduction at the mechanical clamping point.
